Indikatoren in dieser Dimension analysieren, inwieweit Migrantinnen und Migranten hinsichtlich des Zugangs zu grundlegenden sozialen Diensten wie Gesundheit, Bildung und soziale Sicherheit den gleichen Status wie Bürgerinnen und Bürger haben. Es beschreibt die Rechte von Migrantinnen und Migranten auf Familienzusammenführung, Arbeit, Aufenthalt und Staatsbürgerschaft. Die Ratifizierung der wichtigsten internationalen Konventionen fällt ebenfalls in diesen Bereich.main.
Indikatoren in dieser Dimension bewerten die institutionellen, rechtlichen und regulatorischen Rahmenbedingungen der Länder im Zusammenhang mit Migrationspolitik. Dimension 2 beinhaltet auch das Vorhandensein von nationalen Migrationsstrategien, die mit Entwicklungspolitik und -ansätzen im Einklang stehen, sowie die institutionelle Transparenz und Kohärenz in Bezug auf Migrationsmanagement. In diesem Bereich wird auch untersucht, inwieweit Regierungen Migrationsdaten erheben und verwenden.
Diese Dimension konzentriert sich auf die Bemühungen von Ländern, in migrationsbezogenen Fragen mit anderen Staaten und einschlägigen nichstaatlichen Akteuren, einschließlich Organisationen der Zivilgesellschaft und des Privatsektors, zusammenzuarbeiten. Kooperation kann zu Verbesserungen der Regierungsführung führen, indem Standards angeglichen und angehoben, der Dialog intensiviert und Strukturen der Bewältigung von Herausforderungen geschaffen werden.
Diese Dimension umfasst Indikatoren für die Politik der Länder zur Steuerung des sozioökonomischen Wohlergehens von Migrantinnen und Migranten, z.B. die Anerkennung der Bildungs- und Berufsqualifikationen von Migrantinnen und Migranten, Bestimmungen zur Regelung der Studentenmigration und das Bestehen bilateraler Arbeitsabkommen zwischen Ländern. Die Indikatoren konzentrieren sich gleichermaßen auf Maßnahmen und Strategien im Zusammenhang mit dem Engagement der Diasporamitglieder und den grenzüberschreitenden Geldtransfers von Migrantinnen und Migranten
Diese Dimension befasst sich mit der Art und dem Grad der Bereitschaft von Ländern, wenn sie mit Mobilitätsdimensionen von Krisen konfrontiert sind, die entweder mit Katastrophen, der Umwelt und/oder Konflikten zusammenhängen. Die Fragen werden verwendet, um die Prozesse für Staatsangehörige und Ausländer sowohl während als auch Katastrophen zu ermitteln, einschließlich der Frage, ob humanitäre Hilfe für Migrantinnen und Migranten genauso verfügbar ist wir für Bürgerinnen und Bürger.
Diese Dimension analysiert den Ansatz der Länder zum Migrationsmanagement bezüglich Grenzkontroll- und Grenzschutzmaßnahmen, Zulassungsvoraussetzungen für Migranten, Vorbereitung und Flexibilität bei erheblichen und unerwarteten Wanderungsbewegungen sowie die Bekämpfung des Menschenhandels und des Menschenschmuggels von Migrantinnen und Migranten. Es werden auch die Bemühungen und Anreize zur Unterstützung der Integration der zurückkehrenden Staatsbürgerinnen und -burger bewertet.
This country Profile describes examples of well-developed areas of The Republic of Chad governance structures and areas with potential for further development, as evaluated through the six domains of the Migration Governance Indicators (MGI). These address migrants’ rights, a “whole-of-government” approach, partnerships, socioeconomic well-being of migrants, the mobility dimensions of crises, and safe and orderly migration.
Click the icons on the wheel to explore the key findings.
The Migration Governance Indicators (MGI) initiative is a policy-benchmarking programme led by the International Organization for Migration (IOM) and implemented with research and analysis from the Economist Impact. Funding is provided by IOM Member States.
Migration Governance: examples of well-developed areas
- Migrants in a regular situation have the same status as citizens with regard to access to State-funded health services.
- All migrants with a residence permit have the same access to social protection as Chadian citizens.
- Chad has ratified several regional anti-discrimination and human rights conventions, incorporating them into its national legislation.
Areas with potential for further development
- Chad has no specific plan or strategy to combat hate crimes, violence, xenophobia and discrimination against migrants, nor does it have a general law on hate crimes against anyone in the country.
Migration Governance: examples of well-developed areas
- Chad maintains a list of countries whose citizens enjoy free movement in the country and do not have to obtain a visa to enter its territory.
- The National Commission for the Reception and Reintegration of Refugees and Returnees implements international legal instruments and national laws relating to refugees and asylum-seekers. Additionally, it facilitates the return and reintegration framework for returnees.
- The Directorate for Chadians Abroad and Migration ensures the legal and social protection of Chadians living abroad and fighting irregular migration.
- Chad has developed and is executing the Action Plan for the Implementation of the Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration in Chad (2022–2024).
Areas with potential for further development
- There is no regular process for publishing data on migration but does collect some data.
- Chad has no national legislation on emigration.
Migration Governance: examples of well-developed areas
- Chad has set up an Interministerial Technical Committee to implement the Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration at the national level.
- Chad authorizes the free circulation of nationals of countries that are members of the Economic and Monetary Community of Central Africa Treaty (1994).
- Civil society participates in the consultations organized under the Action Plan for Implementation of the Global Compact for Migration in Chad.
- The country officially collaborates with expatriate Chadians in setting the agenda for and implementing development policies.
Areas with potential for further development:
- Chad does not have memorandums of understanding on migration or bilateral labour agreements with other countries.
- There is no formal partnership related to migration issues between the Chadian Government and the private sector.
Migration Governance: examples of well-developed areas
- The National Office for the Promotion of Employment verifies that foreign workers enter employment relationships of their own free will and with their consent during the process of obtaining a work visa.
- Chad grants all foreign students equal access to university education.
- The National Office of Higher Education Examinations and Competitions (Office Nationale des Examens et Concours du Supérieur) has established criteria for the recognition of foreign diplomas and qualifications.
Areas with potential for further development
- Chad collects labour market data, disaggregated by sex but not by migration status.
- Chadian law contains no provisions allowing or preventing foreign students from working while studying.
- There are no specific programmes in place to promote the financial inclusion of migrants.
Migration Governance: examples of well-developed areas
- The National Strategy and Action Plan for Disaster Risk Management (2020) establishes measures for the management of risks related to population movements.
- Chad ratified the African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child (1999) and applies its provisions, which extend to refugee children as well as internally displaced children resulting from natural disasters or any other cause.
- The National Strategy to Combat Climate Change in Chad (2017) considers the phenomenon of rural exodus as well as internal and external climate-related migratory flows.
Areas with potential for further development
- The National Development Plan 2017-2021 does not address the reintegration of migrants returning to Chad after a crisis.
- Chad does not have a comprehensive communication system enabling people to obtain information in times of crisis and allowing the public to make their needs known to the Government.
- There are no emergency measures in terms of immigration procedures for migrants whose country of origin is in crisis.
Migration Governance: examples of well-developed areas
- Ordinance No. 006 (2018), on the fight against human trafficking in the Republic of Chad, aims to prevent and punish human trafficking, protect and assist victims and witnesses of human trafficking, and ensure that perpetrators and their accessories and accomplices are prosecuted.
- The multisectoral technical committee to combat trafficking in human beings and migrant smuggling implements national programmes to combat trafficking, collects data on the phenomenon, and trains magistrates and police officers in the protection, assistance and guidance of victims of trafficking.
- Chad has a paper-based visa application process that must be completed before arrival on Chadian territory.
Areas with potential for further development
- Clear information on the various visa options is not readily available.
- Chad does not yet have a system for monitoring visa overstays.
- The Government puts in place ad hoc measures facilitating the integration of nationals who have returned to Chad.
